Pneumonia ሳምባ ምች

 ሳምባምች

የሳምባ አየር ከረጥት ውስጥ እንፈክሽን ስከሰት። 

መንስኤው

ተለያዩ ባክተርያ፣ ቫይረሶች፣ ፈንጋስ፣ ልያመጡ ይችላሉ።

የምያጋልጡ ነገሮች

1. እድሜ: > 65 ዓመት  እና  <5 አመት ብዙ ግዜ ይጋለጣሉ።

2. ጭስ: የኛውም አይነት ጭስ ሳምባችንን ለእንፈክሽን ያጋልጣል። 

3. ክትባት ያልውሰዱ ህፃናት በይቤልጥ ይጋለጣሉ።

4. ተጋዳኝ በሽታ ያለባቸው: ኤች አይ ቭ ፣ የልብ በሽታ፣ ካንሰር በሽታ፣ አስም፣ ሳምባ ነቀርሳ፣ 

የሳምባምች ምልክቶች

1. ሳል 

2. ትኩሳት 

3. ደረት ላይ ውጋት 

4. ማቅለሽለሽ፣ ትውከት፣ድካም፣ ማንቀጥቀጥ፣ 

ምርመራዎች

አብዛኛውን ግዜ በሀክሙ ምርመራ ብታወቅም ተጨማር ራጅ፣ የደም ምርመራ ልያስፈልግ ይችላል

ህክምና(መድሃኒት)

ህክምናው እንደተዋስያኑ የተለያየ ብሆንም አብዛኛውን ግዜ ተዋስያን ባክተርያ ስለሆኑ እንደሀክሙ ትዛዝ antibiotics ይሰጣሉ። 

Pneumonia

is an infection of the air sacs in one or both lungs causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing.

Signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include:

• Chest pain when you breathe or cough
• Confusion or changes in mental awareness (in adults age 65 and older)
• Cough, which may produce phlegm
• Fatigue
• Fever, sweating and shaking chills
• Lower than normal body temperature (in adults older than age 65 and people with weak immune systems)
• Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea
• Shortness of breath

Risk factors

• Adults older than age 65
• Children younger than age 5years
• People with an underlying health condition or weakened immune system
• People receiving chemotherapy or taking medication that suppresses the immune system

Diagnosis

Mainly clinical but you may need different types of laboratory such as CBC, and imaging such as x-ray, 

Treatment

Is directed against the causative agent. Mostly viral causes don't need treatment as they are mild and transient. Usually resolve after one week. Bacterial causes are treated by antibiotics such as amoxacillin, azithromycin, ....based on doctors prescription. 

Supportive cares such as fever medications can help control symptoms

Untreated bacterial pneumonia may progress to sever complications such as pus in the lung, sepsis, fluid in the lungs(plural effusion), severe lung damage can happen. Early visit to health facility and treatment is important. 

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